Mogowaf



0/1. MoGOWAN.'

Cartridge.

Patented Sept. 30, I879.

Irwcrdwr (7am; .I; J/ GOwa/n,

FFICE.

oneness r. 'nceownii, or new YORK, n. Y.

seven-enrln snarl-"noses.

Specification forming part (if. Lettersel 'atent N0. @QOJDBW, datediseptembcr 3%), 18 anplication'filed -March 10, 1879.

To all whom it may comm.-

.Be it known that I, CHARLES I. McGowan, of the.city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and us'efnllmprovemerits in Cartridges for Fire-Arms; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full,-

clear,.and exact description thereof, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings, and letters of reference marked thereon, constitut ing a part of this specification.

The special object of my invention is to secure with ordinary military and sporting smallarms a targetpractice at short ranges, such as attain in shooting-galleries and armories for military organizations, (State or oth,erwise,) which, while having all the essential conditions which attain at targetpractice at long ranges, (and permitting the use in the case of troops oi their special arms,) shall diminish the noise, smoke, and other objectionable features incident to practice with regular charges and weights of projectiles in buildings or at localities restricted in range and other facilities for the prosecution'of practice withsmallarms for accuracy and perfection...

My invention relates to an improved can tridge capable of use with all classes or species of small-arms, including pistols, revolving or otherwise, and sporting and military rifles.

The invention consists, mainly, in a hollow bullet'ma-de of a seamless shell of copper, or equivalent metal, pressed down or swaged up into shape, which, while securing a light projectile with respect to volume, affords a receptacle for, the full charge of powder required for use with it.

It also consists in the use of this bullet in combination with \the ordinary primed carfridge-shell, (for all vcalibers,) and in modified \forms of the bullet and cartridgc-shell,-as is more fully set forth in the following extended description. v

In the accompanying drawings, Figures 1 and 4 illustrate the bullet in section, its apex being filledwith lead or other heavy metal, and its body, containing the powdenoharge, closed by a wad. Fig. 2 illustrates the ordinary primed cartridge-shell, in which said bullet is to be supported. Fig.3 is a sectional view of the charged bullet as secured in the ordinary primed cartridge shell, which constitutes one form of my improved cartridge.

Fig. 5 shows a section of a cartridge-shell, the

provided with a firing-pin, and thus adapted for use with the construction of bullet shown in Fig; 7. Fig. 9 is a sectional view of the charged and primed bullet as inserted in the cartridge-shell, Fig. 8. Fig. 10 shows a modified form of combining my improved bullet with a primed cartridge-shell.

The general mode of construction is as tollows: The shells A of the hollow bullets are preferably formed from copper, or any alloyor metal possessing the qualities of copper, by

the well-known process of drawing, swaging,

or pressing, as commonly practiced in forming hollow articles from flat metal. These shells A are hollow cones in form, whereby is provided within them a chamber for the charge of powder .B, and they have their rear or mouth ends turned inwardly a sufiicient distance to form a seat to sustain them in the end of the cartridge shell E, if that structure is employed. In order to enhance the power of penetration, as well as to increase their weight at the front end, I provide them with a solid body, a, of metal at the apex, which may be done either by pouring theipctul whilein a molten state or by inserting solid plugs of lead or other metal.

. ignitingdiame, which opening will be covered bya reticulated plate, (1, to prevent the charge of powder from becoming impaired by loss, or the base I? might be perforated with a number of line holes, and be used without the plate d.-

This bullet may be supported ina cartridgesbell, E, havinga primer at its base, as is usual, Ssee Fig. 2,) said shell E being constructor and formed by the known processes fpelled'fl'om the said shell, and be discharged 'from the-gun.

,Itisobviousthatthe flames resulting from "the ignited powder will be more surely conducted") the charge inth'e bullet bycoutract in; theTchamber l,.so as to more perfectly :couilne -the' same. This is accomplished by now commonly practiced andlwell known in this art. This is done byinsei'tiug the bullet ,providing the cartridge-shell with an interior cylinder, F, having-a diminutive chamber, 1. This cylinder may beformed-of wood, paper, r or other: suitable mateiial tnrned, east, or

pressed into proper shape.

, In order to attain ,the host results with' my improved cart ridge it maybe-desirable to fire .thecharge'by means of a tiring-pin operating on. li'rimed base inserted inwthe base of the bullet. Tliis is shown in 7', 8, and 9. In

this case the base P, properly. shaped to fit within the open end of said bullet, is provided v with an ordinary primeqD, With a bullet thus cohstructedl provide thezmrtridge-shell E, which is to support it, with aspring-seated .fi'riumpin O, the/point of which is centered in suitable to any caliber, large or small, and the securing-of all the advantages, where short and necessarily-restricted ranges attain; of a practice with fire-arms that will enable expertsor othfers engaged in perfecting them-, selves in the art of the marksman to keep up their S'Kill indoors and at home without re-' sorting to distant and sometimes unattainable established range grounds.

The extreme thinness whichmay be-attained in the construction of drawn-upbullet's, such as proposed, evidently brings the scope of the invention'within, the limits of all ordinary small-arms, as any weight of projectile relative to the charge desired to-be employed for practice-ranges can be readily secured. The

. to secure the results'of my invention.

powder, acting u'po'ii the walls of the bulletshell, will-evidently expand the latter and cause it to perfectly take the grooves or riding of the flre arm', as has been demonstrated by pnictice.

It has beenv seen that in the case of the or dinary empty primed; shell, with the bullet supported in its end the explosion of the primer at its base communicates the flame to the base r the charged bullet, and results in ignition of the charge. It is not, however, es-

sential that the bullet shall be supportedin the end of the primed cartridge-shell in 0rd The bullet may be made of a size adapted to nicely fit within the cartridge-shell and be supported therein by. being inserted into the chamber I so as to rest upon the inner surface of the head or face of said cartridge-shell, as is shownrin Fig. 10. In this form of it the primcrof the cartridge-shell communicatesits flames directly to the charge in which charge may then obviously be protected by a simple perforated wad, 1), 'of paper, foil,

and the like. i

In the structure shown in Figs. 8 and 9 the 'anxiliaryfiringpin is operated by the flringf pin of the gun proper, which a filords a'sul'flcient blow to ignite the percussion-caper primer placed inthe base of the bullet.

Having now fully explained the scope and practicable mode of carrying out myiuvention, I claim, and desire to be secured to me by Letters Patent, as follows a, v

1. A hollow bullet, formed from copper or equivalent. metal, having its apex loaded wit a plug, a, substantially as described. 2. A short-range, cartridge consisting of a hollow charged bullet introduced in and car.-

ried by an uncharged cartridge-shell of ordi-' nary proportioi s, adapted to a given caliber, and of .conside ably greater length than the said bullet it carries, substantial] as filescribed, and'for' the purpose set fort- I 3. '.l.he combination of an uncha'ged caitridge-shell provided with a tiring-p nwith a primed and charged bullet introduced inand carried by saidcartridge-shell, substantially as described, and fertile purposes set forth. In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two spbscrihing witnesses. I

arms. I. M

wits. -Witnesses: I I

- H. T. MUNsoN,

Gno. H. GRAHAM.

the bullet 

